老年人术后谵妄的临床管理指南

Postoperative delirium is a common, life-threatening problem in older adults and is recognized as the most common postoperative complication in this age group.  Delirium occurs after surgery in 5% (in low-risk patients undergoing low-risk operations) to 50% (in high-risk patients undergoing high-risk operations) of adults 65 years and older. An episode of delirium is associated with a range of deleterious clinical consequences, including major postoperative complications, prolonged hospitalization, loss of functional independence, reduced cognitive function, incomplete recovery, delayed rehabilitation, and even death.Health care costs attributed to delirium in the United States currently exceed $164 billion annually (2011 US dollars). Delirium has been shown to be preventable in up to 40% of cases in some hospitalized older adult populations, a fact that makes delirium a prime candidate for prevention interventions targeted to improve the outcomes of older adults after surgery.

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