2015欧洲消化内镜协会指南：内镜下黏膜剥离术

The widespread use of gastrointestinal endoscopy has increased the detection of early neoplastic lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, commonly known as gastrointestinal superficial lesions. Although these lesions are precancerous in most cases, invasion can be definitively excluded only after an adequate endoscopic resection. Endoscopic biopsies do not appear to be suitable for appropriate estimation of the malignant potential of the lesions, as shown by the substantial rate of histological upstaging in the passage from biopsies to adequately resected specimens. Endoscopic resection has also been shown to be an adequate treatment for patients with early gastrointestinal cancers with no or limited submucosal involvement and no additional risk factors. However, certainty on the endoscopic and histological completeness of such resection is needed, in order to spare these patients from pointless surgical treatment.