肿瘤微环境依赖性18F-FDG、18F-氟胸腺嘧啶和18F-米索硝唑摄取：在人类非小细胞肺癌小鼠模型中的初步研究

Department of Medical Imaging, Fourth Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China

18F-FDG, 18F-fluorothymidine, and 18F-misonidazole PET scans have emerged as important clinical tools in the management of cancer; however, none of them have demonstrated conclusive superiority. The aim of this study was to compare the intratumoral accumulation of 18F-FDG, 18F-fluorothymidine, and 18F- misonidazole and relate this to specific components of the tumor microenvironment in mouse models of human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: We used NSCLC A549 and HTB177 cells to generate subcutaneous and peritoneal xenografts in nude mice. Animals were coinjected with a PET radiotracer, pimonidazole (hypoxia marker), and bromodeoxyuridine (proliferation marker) intravenously 1 h before animal euthanasia. Tumor perfusion was assessed by Hoechst 33342 injection, given 1 min before sacrifice. The intratumoral distribution of PET radiotracers was visualized by digital autoradiography and related to microscopic visualization of proliferation, hypoxia, perfusion, stroma, and necrosis. Results: NSCLC xenografts had complex structures with intermingled regions of viable cancer cells, stroma, and necrosis. Cancer cells were either well oxygenated (staining negatively for pimonidazole) and highly proliferative (staining positively for bromodeoxyuridine) or hypoxic (pimonidazole-positive) and noncycling (little bromodeoxyuridine). Hypoxic cancer cells with a low proliferation rate had high 18F-FDG and 18F-misonidazole uptake but low 18F-fluorothymidine accumulation. Well-oxygenated cancer cells with a high proliferation rate accumulated a high level of 18F- fluorothymidine but low 18F-FDG and 18F-misonidazole. Tumor stroma and necrotic zoneswere always associatedwith low 18F-FDG, 18F-misonidazole, and 18F-fluorothymidine activity. Conclusion: In NSCLC A549 and HTB177 subcutaneously or intraperitoneally growing xenografts, 18F-fluorothymidine accumulates in well-oxygenated and proliferative cancer cells, whereas 18F-misonidazole and 18F-FDG accumulate mostly in poorly proliferative and hypoxic cancer cells. 18F-FDG and 18F-misonidazole display similar intratumoral distribution patterns, and both mutually exclude 18F-fluorothymidine. Copyright © 2012 by the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Inc.

Shen, B.; Department of Medical Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 37 Yinhang St., Nangang District, Harbin 150001, China; email: shenbzh@vip.sina.com